Effects of the Implementation of an Intervention Based on Falls Education Programmes on an Older Adult Population Practising Pilates-A Pilot Study.

Age brings consequent physical deterioration of body balance, strength, flexibility and agility. It has been demonstrated that daily physical activity (PA), managed by professionals, is fundamental to ageing with increased quality and to reducing the number of falls, which are a consequence of factors highlighted above. This has been most evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to determine and analyse the effects of a multidisciplinary intervention based on the Safe Fall, Safe Schools, adapted utilitarian judo (JUA) and Pilates programmes in a population of older people. After an intervention of 60 min, 2 days a week for 12 weeks, the changes produced in variables such as quality of life, balance, lower body strength, flexibility and agility were analysed. A p-value ≤ 0.05 is accepted. The data show that the intervention can help to improve quality of life, especially two of its dimensions: pain (increases 12 points) and health transition (increases 13 points). It also helped to improve balance, lower body strength, flexibility and agility to a lesser extent. It is concluded that this type of intervention has positive effects for the sample in all the variables mentioned above.

Children's Improvement of a Motor Response during Backward Falls through the Implementation of a Safe Fall Program.

The World Health Organization has warned that, in children, the second cause of death from unintentional injuries are falls. The objective of this study was to analyze the motor response of primary schoolchildren when a backwards fall occurs. These analyses occurred before and after interventions of the Safe Fall program, which aims to teach safe and protected ways of backward falling. A quasi-experimental research design was used, with a sample of 122 Spanish (Sevillian) schoolchildren in the 10⁻12 age bracket. The INFOSECA ad-hoc observation scale was used for data collection: this scale registers 5 essential physical reactions throughout the process of a safe and protected backwards fall. After that, a number of descriptive, correlational and contrast statistics were applied. The value used in the McNemar test to establish statistical significance was p < 0.05. Results showed that over 85% of students had developed the competence to correctly perform all five physical motions that allow for a safer backward fall. The teaching of safe and protected techniques for falling backwards in child population in Primary Education is possible through the implementation of the Safe Fall program in Physical Education classes, which can help making falls safer, diminishing the risk and severity of the injuries they cause.

Effects of the Application of a Program of Adapted Utilitarian Judo (JUA) on the Fear of Falling Syndrome (FOF) for the Health Sustainability of the Elderly Population.

This research analyzes the fall history of a group of elderly people and studies the effects of an intervention program based on Adapted Utilitarian Judo (JUA) to teach fall control in subjects with fear of falling syndrome (FOF). We adopted a quasi-experimental research design with pre-post measurement of the experimental group, in a healthy, pre-fragile sample of 12 women aged 71.5 ± 8 years, chosen using non-probabilistic-incidental accessibility sampling. The WHO questionnaire was used for the functional assessment of the fall. To evaluate FOF, we applied the 16-item version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), (pretest and posttest). This intervention program was based on Adapted Utilitarian Judo and conducted over 8 weeks, with two 60-minute sessions each week. After analyzing the scores obtained by the subjects in the pre and post FES-I, we found that the intervention with the JUA program had been significant for the experimental group with p ≤ 0.004, and there was an 11.9% decrease in the fear of falling (FES-I pos = 18.17). The results show that after the application of the JUA program there were significant improvements in subjects' perception of FOF, with this being greater in those who had the highest levels of fear of falling before the intervention.

Actividad física y percepción de salud de los estudiantes universitarios / Physical Activity and Self-Rated Health in University Students

Introducción. Son indiscutibles los beneficios que la práctica regular y adecuada de actividad física conlleva sobre el estado de salud. Objetivo. Valorar la práctica de actividad física de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Sevilla y determinar la relación existente entre esta y la percepción de salud, teniendo en cuenta la edad y el sexo. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en 1085 estudiantes -569 mujeres y 516 hombres- con diseño muestral aleatorio y estratificado según facultad y sexo. Se aplicó un cuestionario ad hoc donde se recogieron todas las variables del estudio; la edad media de la muestra fue 21 años, σ=3.05. Resultados. El 46.2% de los estudiantes practica actividad física, aunque solo el 54.8% de los practicantes lo hace siguiendo las recomendaciones del American College of Sports Medicine; quienes practican según estas indicaciones señalan mejor percepción de salud que aquellos que practican sin cumplirlas (p=0.001). El alumnado que practica actividad física mantiene una mejor percepción de salud que el alumnado no practicante (p=0.000). Así mismo, los hombres han señalado mejor percepción de salud que las mujeres (p=0.004). Conclusiones. Debido a la estrecha relación entre práctica regular de actividad física y percepción de salud, así como a los bajos índices de práctica de esta población, puede considerarse el alumnado universitario como una población clave para promover la práctica deportiva e intentar evitar el abandono de la actividad.

Background. There is irrefutable evidence regarding the benefits of regular physical activity in terms of health condition. Ojective. To assess the physical activity level of students from University of Seville and to determine its association with self-rated health, as well as differences by gender and age. Materials and Methods. A transversal study applied to a sample of 1085 students (569 women and 516 me), with a random and stratified sampling design by faculty and sex in which an ad hoc questionnaire that considered all study variables. The sample age mean was 21 years old, σ=3.05). Results. Results showed that 46.2% of students practice physical activity, but only 54.8% of them do it according to the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations. Those who abide by these recommendations point out to have a better self-rated health than those who practice physical activity without taking into account such recommendations (p=0.001). Likewise, men stated a better self-rated health than women did (p=0.004). Conclusion. Due to the meaningful relationship between physical activity and self-rated health, university students are a key population for promoting sport practice, especially among women, in order to try to avoid dropping out of sport.

Estudio observacional del sexismo en la educación física del sur de España / Estudo observacional do sexismo na educação física do sul da Espanha / Observational study on sexism in physical education in southern Spain

Esta investigación analiza el comportamiento de 240 estudiantes para determinar cómo se establecen conductas sexistas entre el alumnado de Educación Secundaria, en Sevilla (España), dentro de la sesión práctica de Educación Física. Se categorizaron códigos descriptivos de observación. Se identificaron tres categorías relacionadas con conductas sexistas: implicación en la tarea, solicitación de información adicional y aceptación de tareas. Se utilizó una escala de observación para registrar las frecuencias. El test Mann-Whitney estableció una p<0.05 para rechazar la hipótesis nula. Aparecen comportamientos sexistas en la implicación en la tarea. No aparece discriminación en la solicitación de información adicional y aceptación de tareas.

This study analyzed the behavior of 240 students to determine how sexist behavior is established among Secondary Education students in Seville (Spain), during the practical session of Physical Education. Descriptive codes were set for observation. Three categories related to sexist behavior were identified: involvement in the task; requesting additional information; and task acceptance. An observation scale was used to record frequencies. The Mann-Whitney test established p<0.05 to reject the null hypothesis. Sexist behaviors emerge in involvement in task. No discrimination appears in requesting additional information and task acceptance.

Esta pesquisa analisa o comportamento de 240 estudantes para determinar como se estabelecem comportamentos sexistas entre os alunos de Educação Física da Educação Secundária em Sevilha (Espanha). Categorizaram-se códigos descritivos de observação. Foram identificadas três categorias relacionadas ao comportamento sexista: envolvimento na tarefa, solicitação de informação adicional e aceitação de tarefas. Uma escala de observação foi utilizada para registrar as frequências. O teste de Mann-Whitney establece uma p < 0,05 para rejeitar a hipótese nula. Encontrou-se comportamento sexista no envolvimento na tarefa. Não aparece discriminação na solicitação de informação adicional e aceitação de tarefas.

Relaciones entre ansiedad-rasgo y ansiedad-estado en competiciones deportivas / Relationship among state and trait anxiety in sport competitions

En esta investigación se pretende comprobar la teoría de la interacción de Spielberger (1972) en el ámbito de la competición deportiva, analizando las relaciones entre ansiedad-estado y ansiedad-rasgo en la competición, según las dimensiones somáticas y cognitivas de la ansiedad-rasgo y ansiedad estado. Para evaluar ambos constructos se utilizó la versión alemana de los cuestionarios WAI-T y WAI-S, en una muestra de 135 deportistas de Luxemburgo. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que se pueden confirmar las hipótesis de Spielberger (1972), sobre la interacción entre ansiedad-rasgo y ansiedad-estado, ampliándose su validez en el ámbito de las competiciones deportivas. Asimismo, se comprueba la necesidad de separación multidimensional en las componentes somáticas y cognitivas de la ansiedad para el registro de la ansiedad-rasgo competitiva y la ansiedad-estado competitivo (AU)

This research aims to test the theory of the interaction of Spielberger (1972) in the field of sports competition, analyzing the relationship between state anxiety and trait anxiety in the competition, according to the somatic and cognitive dimensions of trait anxiety and state anxiety. In order to assess both constructs, the German versions of the WAI-T and WAI-S questionnaires were used in a sample of 135 athletes from Luxembourg. The obtained results confirmed Spielberger’s (1972) hypothesis of interaction between trait anxiety and state anxiety, extending its validity in the field of sports competitions. Moreover, the need for multidimensional separation of somatic and cognitive components of anxiety was verified for the assessment of competitive trait and state anxiety (AU)

Nessa pesquisa pretende comprovar a teoria da interação de Spielberger(1972) no âmbito da competição esportiva, analisando as relações entre ansiedade-traço e ansiedade- estado na competição, segundo as dimensões somáticas e cognitivas da ansiedade -traço e ansiedade- estado. Para avaliar ambos padrões foram utilizados a versão alemã dos questionários WAI-T eWAI-S, com uma mostra de 135 esportistas de Luxemburgo. Os resultados obtidos apontam que se podem confirmar a hipóteses de Spielberger (1972), sobre a interação entre ansiedade -traço e ansiedade- estado, ampliando sua validade ao âmbito das competições esportivas. Mesmo que, comprovamos a necesidade da separaçao multidimensional em algumas competencias somáticas e cognitivas da ansiedade para o registro da ansiedade-rasgo competitiva e a ansiedade-estado competitiva (AU)